Italian culture flourished, producing famous scholars, artists and polymaths. The Renaissance began in Italy and spread to the rest of Europe, bringing a renewed interest in humanism, science, exploration and art. These mostly independent statelets served as Europe's main trading hubs with Asia and the Near East, often enjoying a greater degree of democracy than the larger feudal monarchies that were consolidating throughout Europe however, part of central Italy was under the control of the theocratic Papal States, while Southern Italy remained largely feudal until the 19th century, partially as a result of a succession of Byzantine, Arab, Norman, Angevin, Aragonese and other foreign conquests of the region. ĭuring the Early Middle Ages, Italy endured the fall of the Western Roman Empire and barbarian invasions, but by the 11th century numerous rival city-states and maritime republics, mainly in the northern and central regions of Italy, rose to great prosperity through trade, commerce and banking, laying the groundwork for modern capitalism. Italia siguió siendo la patria de los romanos y la metrópoli del imperio, cuyo legado también se puede observar en la distribución global de la cultura, los gobiernos, el cristianismo y elEscritura latina. En el siglo I a.C., laImperio Romano surgió como la potencia dominante en la cuenca mediterránea y se convirtió en una cultural, política y religiosa que lleva el centro, la inauguración de la Pax Romana, un período de más de 200 años durante los cuales la italiana ley, la tecnología, la economía, el arte y la literatura desarrollados.
La República Romana inicialmente conquistó y asimiló a sus vecinos en la península italiana, eventualmente expandiéndose y conquistando partes de Europa, África del Norte y Asia. C., que finalmente se convirtió en una república con un gobierno del Senado y el Pueblo. Una tribu itálica conocida como los latinos formó el Reino Romano en el siglo VIII a.
In addition to the various ancient peoples dispersed throughout what is now modern-day Italy, the most predominant being the Indo-European Italic peoples who gave the peninsula its name, beginning from the classical era, Phoenicians and Carthaginians founded colonies mostly in insular Italy, Greeks established settlements in the so-called Magna Graecia of Southern Italy, mientras que etruscos y celtas habitaban el centro y el norte de Italia, respectivamente.
With around 60 million inhabitants, Italy is the third-most populous member state of the European Union.ĭue to its central geographic location in Southern Europe and the Mediterranean, Italy has historically been home to myriad peoples and cultures. Italy has a territorial enclave in Switzerland (Campione) and a maritime exclave in Tunisian waters (Lampedusa). A unitary parliamentary republic with Rome as its capital, the country covers a total area of 301,340 km 2 (116,350 sq mi) and shares land borders with France, Switzerland, Austria, Slovenia, and the enclaved microstates of Vatican City and San Marino. Italy is located in Southern Europe, and is also considered part of Western Europe. Italia ( italiano : Italia ( escuchar ) ), oficialmente la República Italiana (en italiano: Repubblica Italiana ), is a country consisting of a continental part, delimited by the Alps, a peninsula and several islands surrounding it. eu también se utiliza de dominio, ya que se comparte con otros de la Unión Europea los estados miembros. Para llamar a Campione d'Italia, es necesario utilizar el código suizo +41.El euro se acepta en Campione d'Italia pero su moneda oficial es el franco suizo. El alemán es cooficial en Tirol del Sur y Friuli Venezia Giulia El francés es cooficial en el Valle de Aosta El esloveno es cooficial en la provincia de Trieste, la provincia de Gorizia y Friuli Venezia Giulia Ladin es cooficial en Tirol del Sur, en Trentino y en otras áreas del norte Friulano es cooficial en Friuli Venezia Giulia Cerdeña es cooficial en Cerdeña.
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